5- Use celebrity drawings and photos
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An exercise in observation

Read your way through the list, really take the time to answer them. If you do no drawing, minimally picture yourself doing the actual drawing - ask your self "if I were to draw this, what would it feel like?"...so actually put your imaginary pencil to your computer screen and pretend you're drawing and working out all these comparisons and contrasts. This actually put you into the brains real-time observation mode, which is where every artist or caricaturist needs to be. Now dive on in :-)...

If you think about it, this photo is a kind of a crooked "Vase-Face" example  - can you see the funky vase hid in there?
 

Here it is (squint until you can see the shape of the "vase" - or negative space stand out): 

 

and here's the vase by itself - see if you can't switch between seeing the two separate faces then seeing the unique shape of the the face: 


 

Compare the profiles feature by feature: Look at the hairlines - and the hair's thickness - right at the top of the forehead (Arnold's is thicker);


 

Look at the shape of the hair (note the double hump at the back of Arnolds head (he's got muscles there too), and the smooth military taper of Gray Davis's. Can you envision drawing them? How would visualizing the negative space around them make drawing each head easier?

Here's a face-off comparison of  both hair shapes (contrasted in Photoshop), the two lumps in Arnie's hair are numbered off to the right):

 

Very similar to focusing on the "Vase-Face" between the faces, can you flip your focus  around so you can visualize the the negative spaces around the entire head?

 

 

Starting to look like some kind of weird bat or Venetian Arches, or a swollen uvula (that little dangly thing that hangs down in the back of your throat) - when you're flipping visually between those two shapes, (i.e. between seeing the shapes as two heads and the blue shape) you're exercising different modes of perception):

 


Use what you recall about negative shape and note the shape of the each governor's forehead; ...more of the same..

 

Compare the shapes the eyes - and note especially these things about each persons eyes: 

Here's a close-up both Gov's eyes - enhanced again in Photoshop. Squint your eyes to answer the next set of questions...


compare the shape of the eye brows;

- A little thicker in Davis - with seemingly more of an arch, rises proportionately higher on Davis too

-What's the shape of the upper lid?

Both eyelids are outlined here (roughly)


-Who has the lengthier upper eyelid?

Davis does

-Can you identify a pupil or iris? (the colored part of the eye) or is your brain "imagining" one there?

 

There's the "black spot" or disc kind of thing evident in Davis's eye - but to say "yes, I see an eye" - it's a stretch of the imagination in both. But the brain accomplishes that quite gracefully. In fact, when the brain has to conjure up things that aren't really there in the first place, the brain really gets excited: a picture becomes more interesting.

Who has more shadows in and around the eyes? 

I'd have to say Arnold

and what's the shape of those contours that make  the wrinkles around the eyes?

Arnold has more of the angular "Crow's feet" sort of configuration where as Davis has more of wrinkle - especially under the lower lid.

Can you see the lighter shapes of the actual skin of the eyelids? (Arnold has a rounder shape in the upper lid compared to Davis's. Davis has a more rectangular shape outlined. (Both Gov's upper lids are outlined by the eyebrows above and the actual margin of the upper eyelid below)

Sorry about the repetition...See picture above - it's obvious

 

(You really can make out an iris and pupil in Davis's picture if you look close :-) Also here I've outlined the "Crow's feet" in both (see the  picture just above to see an unmarked view of the crow's feet in both) :


 

 

Who has the larger tip of the nose?

 

Obvious here:


 

Whose nose is longer?

 

Arnold's - and you can see Davis's lightly bulbous tip and Arnold's slightly curved down "very tip", as well as the small hump towards the root  of the nose (which they both have, though Arnold's looks more obvious to me)  - the "root" of the nose is where it comes out of the forehead. These are subtle things folks, but added together, supply you with all sorts of ammo to exploit in a caricature :-)


 

Check out the apron of the upper lip: who's is more expansive? (Do you remember what the apron of the upper lip is?)

Here you can see the apron of the upper lip highlighted in purple (I don't know how it got be purple, it just got that way :-); and it's obvious the owner of the greater span is Gov Davis: 


How do the shapes of the dimples influence the expression in each face?

A better question might be to ask "what's the shape of light and shadow areas in and around the dimples, and how do dimples and dimple contours heighten a positive  or "happy" look" (I quote "happy" because there's just a pinch of a suggestion of smirk in Arnold's smile. Is that just me or do you see it too?)

Notice how Arnold's dimples (in this picture) are really two highlights with an hour-glass shaped or barbell-like (or even telephone-handle shaped) area of shadow. (Yes you have to use your imagination a little).

Here, the highlight shapes are outlined in yellow, the shadow in blue. Squint to make this more obvious. Shadow and highlight shapes, though we're very nearly unconscious of them under most circumstances (except for now while we're consciously pointing them out), are as unique to each person as are the actual features. Observe and capture those shapes and you'll add an immense amount of realism to your drawings. You can make this kind of observation about all shadow and highlight shapes. 

This fleshier tip, gives the illusion that the margin of the upper lip in a side view moves down as you move from corner of mouth to front most tip (like the tip of the lip just under the nose). And the truth is, it actually slopes down away from horizontal as you move left to right.

How does the general line and direction of the lower border of the upper lip compare to horizontal border of the picture?

 

 

Davis has a prominent dip of the tip of the upper lip. This is actually the termination of the fleshy side of "Cupid's Bow". (Open up your e-sourcebook, open up the Search function  and type in "Cupid's Bow" for more info.)

Look in the picture above for Arnold: moving from left or right, this contour angles ever so slightly downward over the first 2/3rds of it then rises up or away from horizontal. Look closely!

What about the lower lip? And who has the underbite?

 

Davis's LOWER lip takes off down at a 45 degree and then at an ever steepening angle as you move away giving the illusion of a pouty lower lip. Arnold's on the other hand, moves up with the upper lip until it breaks from the upper lip and you enter the area of actual pulp and curve of the lower lip. Look close above to make sense of this.

Under bite is obvious...

If you drew a vertical line straight down from the back corner of the eyes where would that line align in comparison to the...
  • Adam's apple in each? 
  • In front? 
  • Behind? 
  • How far behind? 
  • Where would this line fall in  comparison to the backmost edge of the nostrils? 
  • The corner of the mouth? 
  • How far to the tip of the nose? 
  • To the notch along the nose at the same level as the eyes?

Use the following picture to answer these. Measure right on the screen - ie do a sighting. The differences are subtle - but are real enough to exaggerate! (The eye notices these differences, but measuring  and comparing nails it down when it's not clear.) Compare these distances face to face too (i.e. Arnold to Gov/ Davis).

 

What and how would you have exaggerated these distances in a caricature?

 

 

Whose cheeks are higher?

Arnold's certainly are more prominent. Higher? Hard to tell. Look close though - what do the shadows under the cheeks tell you about the shape of the cheeks? Arnold's have much more of a comma shape suggested. See that? Look close, squint, back away from ur computer until this is clear  :-)


What's the overall shape of the cheeks in each? (Envision a square box around each cheek and envision the negative shapes formed  between the box and any contour  or shadow shape visible (this'll be demonstrated in the next Communiqué.)

I'll let you do this...ok, I'll bail you out one more time :-) 

 

Hoo man, that's way too close! (Photoshop is evil...the macho man in me is being threatened...and yes, I'm straight.) It's a little easier to make out shadows that define the cheeks in Arnold, but back away (from your screen) and see if you can't make something out of Davis's. Look at how these areas were managed (as shadow shapes), in the caricature:

 


Can you envision the shadows as shapes around the lower margin of the jaw?

They're pretty well defined in the caricature above. Now see if you can't find them in this picture:


Who's neck is thicker?


Arnold's

Where would the bottom of the ears align if  you could draw a line from their lowest edge out to the front of the face? The top of the ears?

Davis's drops just a little bit lower. Also ask yourself what this horizontal line intersects along the way - where does it intersect the hair? How far above the contour between the lips does it lie? What kind of angle does it form with the edge of the apron of the upper lip? (Did I catch you off guard? :-) And just for funsies can you spot the triangle in the space formed by the back of the ear, the blue line and the hair line (it's easier to see on Arnold)?

 

Compare the angles the white of the shirt collars make with horizontal outline of the overall photograph...then with the vertical edges of the photo...then with the jaw.

Use the picture above - you can do it!


Compare in each the distance between the bottom of the nose line and the middle of the mouth line. Who's is greater?

We answered this above...

Compare in each the profile formed from the bottom of the nose up to the top of the head (and draw it if you're feeling gutsy :-) Who's forehead leans away from vertical more? (sure it may be the tilt of the head in just this picture and nothing permanent, but the exercise is still to make the observation and 'answer zee ka-vestion' grasshopper :-) (translates: "answer the question")

Ahaa! Another negative space exercise you say? I can't fool you!  You are amazing.  By just observing the negative space. Arnold's got more slope away from vertical than does Gray. You see it right? No? Do a sighting! (Don't know what sighting is? Go back to the Archives and look in the Flash Quick reference section - or use the search function in your e-sourcebook.


What's the overall shape of the profile from the bottom of the nose on down to the chin  in each?

 

Use the picture again...make sure you look at the picture long enough to see the shape pop into view...

This is review from the Flash lesson on profile drawing: Is the distance from the back of the eye to the back of the ear roughly proportionate to the distance  from back corner of eye to the bottom of the chin in each?


The two blue lines on each face are the exact same length. This proportion is fairly accurate. Seems like just a little extra nudging out past the ears.

Can you envision the general outline  of the hair? (I'm repeating myself again.) Squint your eyes until you can see the hair as one shape - be especially observant of the hair border at the temples and around the ears. Where are the highlights in both hair-dos? The Shadows? How does color of the hair influence both shadow and highlight?

Here's the highlights in the hair - (can you spot the shadows? - squint until you see the darkest areas clearly):

Who's skin is darker? Or is the contrast of Gov. Davis's white head of hair making his skin appear more tan than it is? 

I think Arnold is darker in both respects - skin and hair.

Look at each ear. Who's seems more tilted away from the vertical? Now look at the detail in both ears. What can you say about the 3 drawable parts: 1) the overall shape, 2) the anti-helix, and 3) the shadow area)? You'll probably want to use the bigger picture for this.


 

There's a certain amount of arbitrariness in this but it seems to me Arnold's ear is more angled away from the vertical than is Gray's. Which would be more caricaturable? With his short hair, Davis's are way more out in the open than are Arnold's. And that's certaintly more played up in the caricature: 

 

And speaking of ears, here's a little review:

 

By looking at the sport coats and ties, can you make any speculation about the rotation of the upper body in each? That is, is one person facing the other more straight on, more square to the other?


 

Well this is hardly a fair question - they're probably shaking hands (with Davis reaching to grip Arnold's arm with his left hand...thus turning himself to lead with the left side of his body...I'm getting ridiculous here, but...

And LAST question. If you were a wolf, what would the squaring of shoulders suggest about the social standing of each wolf in the pack?

If these two were wolves they wouldn't be wearing suits :-)


(Yea, that's a goofy question...but made you think? Maybe not :-)
 
 
 
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